Physical Vs. Physical Education - 1414 Words

According to the WebMD, â€Å"One third of children in the U. S. is overweight or obese, and this number is continuing to rise† (Obesity in Children 1). This is alarming because these children may grow up with a higher risk of diseases, such as diabetes and heart problems. With such a concern and threat to our society in this country, many schools today offer physical education as part of the school curriculum. However, most schools only require students to take Physical Education once or twice throughout their middle school or high school years, and this is not a mandatory subject to take every semester and school year. Some students may have the perception that physical education is simply an extra class for them to have fun or take a break between classes. Based on research, it has been proven that physical exercise plays a significant role to the success of a student because it provides many benefits in the areas of physical, social and mental health development. With ma ny benefits, Physical Education should be offered as a mandatory subject throughout the seven years of middle school and high school years, so that daily physical activities will become a part of the routine of students’ life and thus carry into their adulthood. Physical education provides both the knowledge and activities to students at an early age to develop their habits that will shape their future wellness. The benefits of physical education are not only physical, but they are also psychological andShow MoreRelatedPhysical Vs. Physical Education1448 Words   |  6 Pagescountry, many schools today offer physical education as part of their curriculum. However, most schools only require students to take physical education once or twice throughout their middle school or high school years, and this is not a mandatory subject to take every semester and school year. Some students may have the perception that physical education is simply an extra class for them to have fun or take a break between classes. However, research proves that physical exercise plays a significant roleRead MorePhysical Education Vs. Fitness Education1835 Words   |  8 PagesOn the surface, physical education appears to be an inherently simple class, merely incorpora ted into the school setting to provide students with an enjoyable break from other classes. In actuality, physical education is a highly complex subject comprised of many facets which constitute a holistic approach to the health and wellbeing of students. These facets differ greatly, but one of the more prevalent ones that comes to mind is fitness education. Fitness education is designed to help studentsRead MorePhysical Education Vs. School Sports884 Words   |  4 PagesPhysical education (PE) is a course on the UK’s national curriculum that enhances a childs’ human performance, (Capel and Whitehead 2012) by improving a range of key movement skills to prepare children to either play sport, take part in an activity or just prepare them for life. Physical education is increasingly becoming a key academic subject, contributing to variety of educational benefits. School sports involves taking part in sports outside of the classroom environment (extra-curricular) to Read MoreThe Impact Of Technology In Physical Education718 Words   |  3 Pagesstudents with quality education. Technology allows students to express their creativity through different programs like PowerPoint, Excel, digital photography, and more. When it comes to physical education classes, technology can be applied differently, but very efficiently. Nowadays, mobile technology has been growing providing users with different ways to interact and communicate with others, or to simply inform. When it comes to physical education, it has provided physical educators with numerousRead MoreThe Precious Value Of Education952 Words   |  4 Pages The precious Value of education 7:25 to 2:15. We spend 180 days a year here. We spend 900 hours here. We spend the majority of our adolescence here. School. We ,the millennial generation, are in our prime time for intellectual development, ready to forment our opinions, beliefs, and our perspectives on life. The information we process flows into our thoughts, then into our actions, then into our habits. These habits become our identity. We can not help but absorb and evaluate the flowRead MoreExempt Student Athletes from Physical Education Essay614 Words   |  3 PagesSchool sports have the same purpose as regular physical education classes; they both ensure to stay healthy and help students exercise. If thats the case, many student-athletes are wondering why they need a physical education class in high school. Student athletes should be exempt from physical education classes because less chance of injuries and instead have the choice to take other course electives. Many student athletes including myself wonder why we have to take a P.E. class especiallyRead MoreThe Effects of Listening to Music on Physical Performance Essay2489 Words   |  10 Pagesintensity of a German rap. Music has the ability to completely change the mood of a situation. It has extensively been investigated and used as a form of therapy for the mind. Therefore it would be interesting to see if it had any impact on a person’s physical ability as well. Music has been suggested to affect the body’s physiological patterns in many ways. A study done in 2003 (Yamamoto et. al) exemplified the wavering levels of neurotransmitters as the type of music was changed. When the participantsRead MoreWhy Should We Take Gym Class?1275 Words   |  6 Pagesperson-- a lesser person. The benefits I received as a child from taking physical education were invaluable. A copious amount of concerned parents have raised the issue of individuality vs. conformity, or letting students choose whether or not they want to take the class vs. forcing them to, pertaining to physical education. Conformity is the wise choice-- schools should make gym a mandatory class every year. Because physical education improves a student’s health, encourages teamwork, and boosts academicRead MoreThe Act Of The Clery Act930 Words   |  4 Pageswhen the student is under twenty-one (Harshman, Puro, Wolff 15).† When a student is found guilty of sexual assaul t the punishment is more law based rather than their education. † Under the Clery Act, the school becomes allied with law enforcement, where the emphasis is on the punishment of offenses rather than the student’s education (Harshman, Puro, Wolff 16).† The main point of the Clery Act is that it is your responsibility to report something you see that is not right. By doing this you couldRead MoreCivil Rights Vs. Civil Liberties1259 Words   |  6 PagesKirk PAGE 5 Payton Kirk Professor Sherry Sharifian GOVT-2305-71430 24 September 2017 Assignment One: 1 Civil Rights Vs. Civil Liberties As a citizen of the United States, one is granted many protections under law. 2 These protections consist of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties. Varying based on the person, these rights are very valuable and ensure that an individual free of harm for certain situations. Civil Rights and Civil Liberties have evolved over the years as our country continues to further

Plato Aristotle Comparison - 1798 Words

Imitative Art A Comparison of the Philosophies of Plato Aristotle And the Ultimate Beneficial Nature of the Tragic Drama By: Stephanie Cimino In the various discussions of imitative art there has been a notable disagreement between two distinguished philosophers; Plato and Aristotle. Although it was Plato who first discussed the concept of imitative art, it is my belief that Aristotle was justified in his praise and admiration of imitative art, specifically, the tragic drama. In my discussion on the two philosophers’ dissertations I will begin with the ideas of Plato and his position and requirements for imitative art and its respected uses, after which I will discuss the ideas of Aristotle to show that the tragic†¦show more content†¦This portrayal of emotions, of the inferior part of the soul, in Plato’s beliefs, â€Å"awakens and nourishes and strengthens the feelings and impairs the reason.† (41) Plato considers this indulgence irrational and useles s. The superior and rational person (the ideal statesman) would pride himself on the opposite qualities and in times of sorrow or passion would suppress urges to openly sorrow or indulge in pleasures. Summing up Plato’s philosophy, the imitative artist is a long way from the truth and can write or paint any and all things because he does not know about the subjects he creates; he denies the rational principle of the soul and overly indulges in emotion resulting in the neglect of justice and virtue, (45) and has not found a proper purpose in the ideal state. Aristotle follows Plato on several points; he agrees art is a kind of techne, that there is a measure appropriate to the creation of techne, and that the most important human arts are â€Å"imitative of human souls, bodies, and actions.† (79) This, however, is where their likeness ends. While Plato condemns the tragic drama and finds it detrimental to his ideal society, Aristotle believes that it can be an instrumen t of learning and an outlet for the emotions felt by all men. Aristotle finds the tragic dramas true purpose or nature as â€Å"the natural later development of a human religious activity.† (80) In the Poetics, Aristotle defends the tragic drama completely and proves that it is useful. HeShow MoreRelatedComparison Between Aristotle and Plato on Mimesis4881 Words   |  20 PagesiA comparison between Aristotle and Plato on mimesis 1. Introduction Mimesis, as a controversial concept starting from the 15th century, is among the oldest terms in literature and artistic theory, and is certainly among the most fundamental. Developing centuries, the concept of mimesis has been explored and reinterpreted by scholars in various academic fields. The word â€Å"Mimesis† developed from the root mimos, noun designating both a person who imitates and a specific genre of performance basedRead MorePlato and Aristotle: a Comparison Essay1641 Words   |  7 PagesComparing the political theories of any two great philosophers is a complex task. Plato and Aristotle are two such philosophers who had ideas of how to improve existing societies during their individual lifetimes. While both Plato and Aristotle were great thinkers, perhaps it is necessary first to examine the ideas of each before showing how one has laid the groundwork and developed certain themes for the other. Plato is regarded by many experts as the first writer of political philosophy. He fashionedRead MoreComparison of Plato, Aquinas, Aristotle and Augustine1464 Words   |  6 PagesPlato Truth and Reality- And isnt it a bad thing to be deceived about the truth, and a good thing to know what the truth is? For I assume that by knowing the truth you mean knowing things as they really are. Truthfulness. He will never willingly tolerate an untruth, but will hate it as much as he loves truth... And is there anything more closely connected with wisdom than truth? (Plato, 380BC) Reason Reason is knowledge of things like mathematics but which require that some postulatesRead MoreComparison of Plato, Aquinas, Aristotle and Augustine1473 Words   |  6 PagesPlato Truth and Reality- And isnt it a bad thing to be deceived about the truth, and a good thing to know what the truth is? For I assume that by knowing the truth you mean knowing things as they really are. Truthfulness. He will never willingly tolerate an untruth, but will hate it as much as he loves truth... And is there anything more closely connected with wisdom than truth? (Plato, 380BC) Reason Reason is knowledge of things like mathematics but which require that some postulatesRead MoreDistinctions and Comparisons between Aristotle and Plato Essay1681 Words   |  7 Pagesideas introduced by Plato on the theory of forms, where deducted and critiqued by Aristotle. Both philosophers can be viewed as having opposing ideologies. Nonetheless, Plato and Aristotle are in agreement on certain factors of their philosophy. Many have scrutinized and compared the dissimilarities and similarities of Aristotles doctrine of categories and Platos theory of forms. The observations found are of an interesting nature. The beauty behind the writings of Plato is to not accept whatRead MoreAristotle: The Pursuit of Happiness1358 Words   |  6 PagesAristotle and Plato both are both well known for their focus on defining the purpose of being human. To them, humans have a particular characteristic that no other living thing possesses. That characteristic is that humans strive to achieve a level of goodness. Although they agree with each other that there is a highest good one must achieve in order to live a fulfilling life, they have different ideas on what that good is. On Aristotle’s search to find the highest good of a human being, he firstRead MorePlato s Interpretation Of Utopia1630 Words   |  7 PagesPlato and Aristotle shared many differences despite also sharing a teacher student relationship. This essay will strive to establish their understandings of reason and the role reason plays in their comprehensions of politics, differentiating between the kinds of reason and politics produced as a result. Plato is regarded as the first writer of political philosophy while Aristotle is recognised as the first political scientist. Plato’s interpretation of Utopia is founded upon the existence of threeRead MorePlato And Aristotle s Views On Politics And Society1090 Words   |  5 PagesPlato and Aristotle are philosophers that both have an idea of an ideal state but they have their differences. While there are benefits to each of their views on politics and society, there are also many negative things about their views. Some of their negative views were realistic at one point in time but few are the same in today s society. Although I don t fully agree with either philosopher, I would have to side with Aristotle overall. The two philosophers had many differences but they wereRead MoreA Summary Of Plato And Aristotle818 Words   |  4 Pagesparticipate in and be involved with political activities. Plato and Aristotle are arguably two of the most prominent philosophers from ancient Greece. Although both Plato and Aristotle are great thinkers, their philosophical views of the role of women as potential rulers differ very much from one another. In fact, many of Aristotle’s writings about the role of women contradict the beliefs of his professor, Plato. This paper will provide an in-depth comparison of the potential for women to be rulers in Aristotle’sRead MoreEssay on Comparing and Contrasting Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle708 Words   |  3 Pagesmeditate about life, and would sit or talk and write books about life. These have always been one of Greeks reasons of why it is so famous. Because of their marvelous philosophers. The most important philosophers from that time and always are: Aristotle, Plato and Socrates. Socrates: Socrates was a very important philosopher. He usually questioned a lot about traditions, religion and government. One of his ideas, now used at school, is the Socratic Method. This is that a person asks questions

Essay on Introduction about Standard Costing System

Question: Write a report on the utilisation of standard costing system as a measurement tool of productivity and quality. Discuss the effects of standard costing system on the profitability, financial planning and behaviour of employees of the business organisations by referring to at least ten published articles. Answer: Part 1 Introduction on Standard Costing System Meaning of Costing (Standard) Ordinary Costing is the carry out for substitute for a predictable cost known as real cost. It changes periodically recorded variances in displaying expected as well as actual costs. This particular approach simplifies alternative to cost like FIFO and LIFO methods (Seal, Garrison Noreen, 2012). It assumes the historical cost information in maintaining stock. Standard Costing includes estimated creation on all activities in and within company. Using standard costs includes applications that are time-consuming for collecting actual costs. Standard costs are used in case of close approximation with actual costs at the same time. Types of Standard Cost Ideal Standard Ideal Standard or costs considers as a standard for attainment under favorable conditions in possible ways. It includes performance levels as under ideal standards for achieving in best possible combination of factors like materials as well as labor. It is the highest output in and with best equipment as well as layout for future analysis purpose. It underlies maximum efficiency for utilization of various production resources (Lee, 2014). Addition to that, maximum output should be handled at minimum cost under ideal condition. This Standard reflects on goals as well as targets without any kind of hope of performance levels that needs achievement for future purpose. Practical Standard Practical Standard considered as average standard for attainment purpose for specified time. It is preferably long enough in covering complete business cycle. This particular standard is set depending upon the normal capacity in representation of volume at the time of peak and slack periods (Horngren, Harrison Oliver, 2012). Constant unit costs employs throughout cycle in regard with changes in current cost as well as selling prices. Comparison between costs (Actual and Standard) Cost (Actual) Standard Costs Actual Costs are those costs that are required by manufacturers in assigning ever-changing actual cost for each individual component in the manufacturing process at the same time. It includes materials, overhead as well as labor at associated time for an accurate final price. These are typically acquired in form of purchase order as per manufacturing order. Standard costs is considered as traditional method of costing by the manufacturers as required for assigning predetermined estimate values in each of the attributes like materials, labor as well as overhead. Most of the discrete manufacturers like stock widget manufacturers produces same thing as preferred by standard costing. Actual costing tends by manufacturers for frequent changing costs like job shops, compounders as well as assemblers and volatile raw materials. Standard Costing relates variances as considered as management tool. It is calculated variances in approximation of actual costs. Part 2 Discussion on the importance of standard costing system to business organization Standard costing system is a vital method by which standard cost are employed in desired form. In accordance with ICMA, Standard costing system is the preparation as well as usage of standard costs by their comparison in actual cost. It helps in analysis of variances in point of variances. It is the method for cost ascertainment for preparation of statistics like standard cost, actual cost as well as differences known as variance. Standard costing system discloses deviation cost in case of standard as well as clarifies in causes (Horngren Horngren, 2012). Management immediately informs sphere of operations in providing proper remedial actions in necessary terms. Standard Costing System involves ascertainment as well as usage of standard costs. It records actual costs as well as compare actual cost from standard costs for finding out variance. Standard Costing is considered as the law of dimension for recognized by power. It provides measure in case presentation assessment for future analysis purpose. It ensures ascertainment of performance evaluation in business operations. It helps in supplying ways for utilizing proper material, labor as well as overheads for gaining economy in the near future. This particular system minimizes wastage for detecting variance as well as suggesting proper corrective actions. Standard Costing System enables motivating employees of business firm as well as improving performance by setting standard at the same time. It enables management for supplying necessary data in relation with cost demand as well as submits quotations in fixing up selling price of a particular business firm. Under Standard costing system, it includes cost centers for established responsibility for assigning concerned departments and persons. It increases effective delegated authority at the same time. It helps in managing proper inventory valuations like work-in-progress as well as finished products. It acts as a control device for the purpose of management (Horngren, 2011). It is a proper normal costing scheme with full contribution as well as participation. It creates optimistic and moneymaking attitude at every levels of organization for the same. It helps management in taking corrective decisions like fixation of price as well as making or buying decisions for firm beneficiary for future analysis purpose (Fields, 2011). Typical scheme encourages reappraisal of various methods. It includes resources as well as technique in helping reduced unfavorable variances in an overall manner. Standard costing acts as a guide to management in case of management functions in formulation of prices as well as production policies. It is most effective cost control system as under standard costing as reviewed and analysis at regular intervals in case of improvements for proper immediate actions. It analysis variances as well as measurement for detecting inefficiencies and mistakes for investigating reasons Standard costing system helps in drawing management attention in alignment with items for processing according to desired plan. Standard costs involve predetermined costs that are useful for planning as well as budgeting (Epstein Lee, 2012). It helps in estimating effects of changes in case of cost-price-variance relationship for decision-making process. Standard Costing System helps in making organization at cost-conscious stage as well as focus on standard cost in case of variance analysis in the most appropriate way. Standard costing is fixed for each product as well as its components and process operations. It aims at improving overall production efficiency in ultimate reduced cost as well as increased profits (Epstein Lee, 2011). Standard costing system enables in providing incentive schemes to workers as well as supervisor Normal estimate scheme simplifies in using charge manage procedures in an effective way Standard costing system concerns as an effectual tool for industry planning, subsidiary estimate as well as budgeting and inventory valuation. Standard Costing System implements for saving cost as well as elimination of cost work for future analysis purpose (Eldenburg, 2011). Standard Costing System helps in implementation of budgetary control system in case of operations in desired way. It requires delegation of authority as well as responsibility for effective utilization for setting standards for reduces profit fluctuations in method valuation. Part 3 Description on standard costing system usefulness in measuring productivity as well as quality Standard costing system usefulness in measuring productivity as well as quality Performance measures in recognizing element in Total Quality Management programs. Managers as well as supervisors direct several effects of an organization in instituting wide range of changes. Performance measurement in managing outcome as well as main purpose in reduced variation of work product or process at the same time. The profit can be regarded as the difference between the revenues as well as expenses over a certain period of time. The measurement of productivity can be regarded as a problem area owing to different difficulties that is inherent in specifically defining as well as quantifying different outputs and inputs that comprises of the productivity quotient. Standard costing system usefulness in measuring quality The main goal is to strive for sound decisions for affecting products as well as services. Performance measurement is a tool for improving organization goals as well as vision. Proper use of standard cost methods for enhancing high level of efficiency. It requires using standard costing techniques in efficient measurement of cost of goods sold as well as allowing effective budgeting and price setting in the most appropriate way. Efficiency Variance (quantity) Efficiency variance is considered as the difference between actual units usage in an expected amount. It expected amount for usual standard quantity of direct materials, labor as well as machine usage time for product assignment. Efficiency variance as applied to services. It is calculated for hours as required for audit completion versus budgeted amount (Drury, 2012). Direct material Direct Labor Direct material is also known as material yield variance as well as calculated as: Actual unit usage- Standard unit usage/*Standard cost per unit Direct labor is also known as labor efficiency variance and relates with material usage in relation with efficiency. It is calculated as: Actual Hours- Standard Hours* Standard overhead rate It is important to understand the fact that key components of efficiency variances lies for setting of standard. For instance, number of units of direct material assumes for the absence of scrap. It relies upon fact of standard amount in amount of scrap value for continuous negativity efficiency variance at the same time. It is a theoretical standard for meeting circumstances in optimal nature. Realistic standard incorporates certain reasonable inefficiency levels for close actual results. It is preferable in case of avoiding depressing series in case of negative efficiency variances. Direct labor efficiency variance Direct Labor variance measures firm ability in utilizing labor in accordance with expectations. Variance is useful in spotlighting for areas in production process for usage of labor hours as anticipated for future analysis purpose (Strasen, 2012). Variance is calculated as the difference between actual labor hours in case of producing an item for standard amount. Variance outcome in unfavorable conditions as reviewing by industrial engineers for underlying process It improves reduced production hours in required way. It is a simplified product design for reduced assembly time It reduced amount of scrap as produced by the process. It increases amount of automation process. It alters workflow for future analysis purpose. It emphasis upon multitude of variables as involved in difficult way for creation of standard for comparison to actual results It emphasis upon causes of labor efficiency variance like instructions for employees in receiving written work instructions Actual hours- Standard Hours * Standard rate= Labor efficiency variance Standard hours represents best estimate of business organization. It relates with an optimal speed by the production staff members in case of manufacturing of goods as far as possible. It figures out considerable assumptions in regard set up time production. It runs under employee skill levels as well as production duration in other factors. Standard based training for assumptions in minimum for employees in an overall manner (Burritt, 2011). Work Station configuration for acting as a work center for standard costing in creation of ways in the most appropriate way. Variable overhead efficiency variance Variable overhead efficiency discrepancy displays the dissimilarity between real as well as budgeted hours for working purpose. It is applied in case of standard variables as per transparency rate per hour. The formula is: Standard overhead rate* (Actual hours standard hours)= Variable overhead efficiency variance Constructive variance implies real variable overhead expenses as incurred per labor hours in expected ways. Variance mainly focuses on attention for overhead costs varying largely from expectations (Bhattacharyya, 2011). Variance overhead expenditure variance requires collection of manufacture expenses in sequence as submitted by manufacture department. Predictable labor hours estimates industrial engineering as well as production schedules staff members. It is purely based upon historical as well as project efficiency and equipment in case of capacity levels at the same time. There are wide range of possible causes required for variable overhead spending variance. These are as follows: Account Misclassification- It involves in variable overhead categories in incorrect classification as part of variable overhead in the most appropriate way. Outsourcing- It includes activities for sourcing in shifting to supplier and vice versa Supplier pricing- It includes suppliers change in prices as well as reflection on efficient principles Variable overhead expenditure concept is the majority applicable situations in the manufacture process for identical productive units (McFarland, 2012). Production Volume variance Production volume variance helps in measuring the overhead amount for unit production. It is considered as the difference between actual units produced for specified period as well as budgeted units for budgeted overhead rate at the same time. It is the measurement used for ascertainment of materials as well as production of management staff for producing goods. It is in accordance with planned expectations for expected overhead amount in an overall manner (Atkinson, 2012). From the business perspective of production process, production volume variance depends upon measurement of budget for creation of few months before. It is the measure for viewing at the ability of production operation in meeting the production schedule at specified time. Calculation of production volume variance is as follows: (Actual units produced-budgeted units produced) *Budgeted overhead rate Part 4 Effects of standard costing system on the profitability, financial planning and behavior of employees of business organizations Profitability In the recent world, standard costing system finds business methods like product line planning as well as productivity monitoring and advance cost measurement in operating and efficient organization in case of profitability. Managers require information regarding standard cost in determination of efficiency in business operations. Managers develop standard cost system in motivational effect of standard in case of employee productivity at the same time. Steps in effective implementation as well as maintenance in case of standard cost system. The technique for measurement of productivity focuses on various business aspects of performance of an organization, by means of important information regarding the standard cost accounting, thereby provides an effectual scheme to assess the productivity of an association and its different sector. The standard costs comprise the cost of goods sold for each finished product. Using standard costing, the gross profit margin for each finished good is easily determined by subtracting the standard cost from the products selling price. A favorable variance indicates that standard costs exceed actual costs, while an unfavorable variance means that actual costs are higher than standard costs. Differing factors may account for variances. Therefore, the standard costing system has an effect on the improved level of production that again in turn affects the overall standard costs for different labor as well as direct overhead. Effect of standard costing on financial planning Standard costing essentially acts a yardstick that can be used for the purpose of comparison with different standard costs. Therefore, standard costing can be considered as a basis for the purpose of measurement of performance. Thereafter, the performance might be measured and based on that the hypothetical financial planning can be carried out. This system also provides a strong basis for the regular tracking and control on expenditure incurred on different items. In addition to this, the system of standard costing also offers a basis for the customary check as well as control of materials, usage of price, cost of labor as well as overhead expenses. Again, the comparison of the standard cost with the actual cost can help in controlling as well as reduction of cost by means of constant system of tracking as well as comparison of results. This in turn can also help in appropriate financial planning that helps in tracking, recording and controlling and thereafter helps in augmentation of the overall productivity of the operations. Effect of standard costing on behavior of employees of an organization The standard costing has an impact on the behaviors of the employees as well as managers. There are different organizations that can reward the employees for the purpose of achievement of standards or else for the purpose of attaining performance at a certain level that is quite lower than the standard cost. Therefore, in this case the standard costing can help in affecting or motivating the employees. Therefore, the employees might possibly seek to carry out operations in a very effectual as well as economical manner. The use of standards for the purpose of assessment as well as systems of rewards can also help in motivating the employees and improvement of the effectiveness of the employees. Price Variance Price Variance is considered as the actual unit cost out of purchased items. It is deducted from standard cost and multiplied by quantity of total units purchased at specified period Formula of Price Variance (Actual Cost Incurred- Standard Cost)* Actual Quantity of Units Produced= Price Variance Price Variance is the actual cost incurred as lower in comparison with standard cost known as favorable price variance. If the actual cost is higher in comparison with standard cost, it is known as unfavorable price variance at the same time. It reveals achieving favorable price variance as achieved by purchasing goods especially in large quantities. It may put in business risk in inventory quantities in the most appropriate way (Gnen, 2012). Purchasing department commits little inventory for buying in smaller quantities. It tends in resulting in case of unfavorable price variance in an overall manner. Therefore, operational plan of business results in driving price variance types for incurring in the future business activities. Direct material price variance In case of variance analysis, direct material price variance considers as the difference between standard cost as well as actual quantity of materials used or purchased (Callen, 2012). It posses two components namely direct material usage variance as well as direct material total variance Direct Labor rate variance Direct labor rate Variance is considered as the measure of difference between actual costs of direct labor as well as standard cost of direct labor for utilization at specified time. Formula Direct Labor rate Variance = Actual Quantity*Actual Rate- Actual Quantity*Standard rate = Actual Cost- Standard Cost of Actual Hours Analysis Favorable labor variance helps in suggesting cost-efficient employment of direct labor by particular business organization (Williams, Van der Wiele Dale, 2012). There are several reasons for favorable labor rate variances like: It requires hiring un-skilled as well as semi-skilled labor that adversely affect labor efficiency variance It mainly decreases overall wage rates in current markets for increased supply of labor. It is because of influx of immigrants that results in relaxation of immigration policies at the same time It relates with inappropriate high setting of standard cost of direct labor in attribution for inaccurate planning in the near future An adverse labor rate variance relates with indicating higher labor costs for specified period in comparison with Standard Some of the causes for adverse labor rate variance mainly include: It increases national minimum wage rates for future analysis purpose It engages in hiring of more skilled labor in anticipation of standard known as labor efficiency variance It relates with inefficient hiring of HR Department It ensures effective negotiations by labor unions Variance Overhead spending variance Variance Overhead spending variance refers as the difference between actual as well as budgeted rates in case of variable overhead (Rumbaugh et al., 2012). This variance mainly focuses on attending of variances for overhead costs that vary largely from expectations. Variance Overhead spending variance = Actual hours worked*(actual overhead rate- standard overhead rate) Budget variance in Fixed Overhead Fixed operating cost expenditure discrepancy considered as the dissimilarity between real fixed visual projection expenses as incurred as well as budget overhead expenses at the same time. In case of unfavorable variance, it relates with actual fixed overhead expenses as anticipated as a whole (Fleischman, Boyns Tyson, 2012). Formula: Fixed overhead spending variance = Actual fixed overhead-budgeted fixed overhead Financial planning Financial Planning refers as the major part of standard costing as well as variance analysis at the same time. Variances arises due to reasons ranges from unrealistic standards to operational causes. It fails into account from various expected increase in the wage rates. It increases direct materials usage for hiring of low skilled labor in the near future (Boaden Dale, 2012). It requires planning inefficiencies for large variances for setting faulty standard in the most appropriate way. It deals with planning computation as well as operational variance one after other. It is difficult in ascertaining ways for precise causes as well as assigning responsibilities of related operational variances for specified individual as well as department within business organization. It is argued that causes as well as responsibilities differ from variances at times. Variance analysis fails in providing basis for investigation for promotion of better understanding of facts in operational environm ent in and among organization management for the same. Behavior of employees if more profitreward to staffmore motivatemore efficiency working It is important to understand the fact that behavior of employees directly proportional to reward system as well as motivation. Motivation from senior authority encourages employees in working together for attainment of future goals as well as objectives of an organization. Reward system can be in terms of monetary and non-monetary that enhances working culture in and within business organization (Mandal Shah, 2012). Standard costing as well as variance analysis encourages short-termism for inherent tendency towards attainment of short-term as well as quantified objectives and results in an effective manner. Negative perception of business organization standard costing as well as variance process reveals that employees manage during the budget setting. It fails in viewing the unfair process as far as possible. It is important for business organization on matters relating to performance management system for wide range of quantitative and qualitative measures. It encourages managemen t in adopting long-term views in alignment with organization strategic direction as a whole. Budget Versus Actual Most of the small business owners are of the opinion that budgeting as non-essential task as it is time-consuming. Leaders operate business activities without any kind of strategic financial plan of any form. It serves no purpose in considering business organization in understanding starting point as well as tracking progress at the same time. Figure: Budget Vs Actual (Source: Benninger, 2012) Business leaders conducts budget versus actual comparison. This particular process helps in using financial data for assessing close company spending as well as generation of revenue in meeting financial forecasting projections as included in given budget. It takes time in conducting the comparison but business leaders determine ways for working upon the funding process as far as possible. There are several reasons found for discrepancies noticed in budget as well as real quantity for expenditures plus revenues (Duck, 2012). These differences happen in case of the capacity of financial system. Buyer requirements as well as preference vary widely from actual actions by competitors. These factors are unpredictable in nature as well as reflect exact cause for resulted variances. Reference List Atkinson, A. (2012).Management accounting. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Benninger, L. J. (2012). Standard Costs for Income Determination, Control, and Special Studies.The Accounting Review,25(4), 378-383. Bhattacharyya, D. (2011).Management accounting. Noida, India: Pearson. Boaden, R. J., Dale, B. G. (2012). Managing quality improvement in financial services: a framework and case study.Service Industries Journal,13(1), 17-39. Burritt, R. (2011).Environmental management accounting and supply chain management. Dordrecht: Springer. Callen, J. L. (2012). Efficiency measurement in the manufacturing firm.Journal of Productivity Analysis,2(1), 5-13. Drury, C. (2012).Management and cost accounting. Andover: Cengage Learning. Duck, R. E. V. (2012). The use of management accounting techniques in industry.Journal of Management Studies,8(3), 355-359. Eldenburg, L. (2011).Management accounting. Milton, Qld.: John Wiley Sons. Epstein, M. Lee, J. (2011).Advances in management accounting. Bingley, UK: Emerald. Epstein, M. Lee, J. (2012).Advances in management accounting. Bingley: Emerald. Fields, E. (2011).The essentials of finance and accounting for nonfinancial managers. New York: American Management Association. Fleischman, R. K., Boyns, T., Tyson, T. N. (2012). The search for standard costing in the United States and Britain.Abacus,44(4), 341-376. Gnen, S. (2012). THE USAGE OF TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP TOGETHER WITH QUALITY COSTING.World of Accounting Science,14(3). Horngren, C. Horngren, C. (2012).Management accounting. Toronto: Pearson Canada. Horngren, C. (2011).Introduction to management accounting. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Horngren, C., Harrison, W., Oliver, M. (2012).Accounting. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Lee, J. (2014).Engineering asset management 2011. London: Springer. Mandal, P., Shah, K. (2012). An analysis of quality costs in Australian manufacturing firms.Total Quality Management,13(2), 175-182. McFarland, W. B. (2012). The Basic Theory of Standard Costs.The Accounting Review,14(2), 151-158. Rumbaugh, J., Blaha, M., Premerlani, W., Eddy, F., Lorensen, W. E. (2012).Object-oriented modeling and design(Vol. 199, No. 1). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-hall. Seal, W., Garrison, R., Noreen, E. (2012).Management accounting. London: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Strasen, L. (2012). Standard costing/productivity model for nursing.Nursing economic$,5(4), 158. Williams, A. R. T., Van der Wiele, A., Dale, B. G. (2012). Quality costing: a management review.International Journal of Management Reviews,1(4), 441-460.

Microeconomic Economic Foundations And Market Free Solutions

Question: Describe about the MicroEconomic Solutions. Answer: 1: Economic Foundations And Market Forces a) As we see from the data given in the table, Scotland takes less time in producing a motorcycle as well as a guitar than Ireland, i.e., 9 hours to produce 1 motorcycle where Ireland needs 10 hours to do the same. Hence, Scotland is the country that has an absolute advantage in production of motorcycle. (b) The time taken by Scotland in production of a guitar is 2 hours compared to 2.5 hours taken by Ireland. Since it takes less time, the country that has an absolute advantage in producing guitars is Scotland. (c) Ireland takes 2.5 hours to produce a guitar and 10 hours to produce a motorcycle. Therefore, the 10 hours needed for Ireland to produce one motorcycle, it can produce: {(1/2.5)*10}= 4 guitars, in the same time. Hence the opportunity cost of Ireland in the production of one motorcycle is 4 guitars. (d) The time taken by Scotland to produce a motorcycle is 9 hours whereas to produce a guitar takes 2 hours. In the 9 hours it produces a motorcycle, it can produce: {(1/2)*9}= 4.5 guitars. Hence the opportunity cost of Scotland in production of one motorcycle is 4 guitars and a half. (e) Ireland takes 2.5 hours to produce a guitar and 10 hours to produce a motorcycle. Hence in those 2.5 hours, it can produce: {(1/10)*2.5} = 0.25 part of a motorcycle. Opportunity cost of Ireland in producing a guitar is 0.25 motorcycle or can be said (1/4)th part of a motorcycle. (f) Scotland produces a guitar in 2 hours and a motorcycle in 9 hours. Hence in those 2 hours, it can produce: {(1/9)*2} = 0.22 part of a motorcycle. Opportunity cost of Scotland in producing a guitar is 0.22 motorcycles. (g) As we see from the above calculations, for producing a motorcycle Irelands opportunity cost is 4 guitars whereas for Scotland opportunity cost is 4.5 guitars. Therefore, Ireland has a comparative advantage in producing motorcycles and so it will specialize in producing the same. (h) Scotland faces an opportunity cost of 0.22 part of a motorcycle in producing a guitar whereas Ireland faces a higher opportunity cost of 0.25 part of a motorcycle. Therefore, Scotland has a comparative advantage in producing guitars and shall specialize to produce the same. (Boundless.com) The optimal production as well as allocation of resources given the existing limited factors of production is known as efficiency. Equity is about how the various resources are distributed throughout the society (Mankiw, 2007). Equity efficiency trade off is seen when any kind of activity in the market increases in efficiency but lacks equity. Equity efficiency trade off is artificially introduced in a market when one is concerned with the distribution of resources to be more equal but would limiting productive efficiency (Mankiw, 2007). The trade off can be explained with the help of a tax system for instance the Communal charge or poll tax system. Such a system of tax helps in not distorting economic behavior in other words not reducing the incentives to work, hence reflecting efficiency. But a millionaire paying the same amount of tax as a poor person pays is socially unfair and hence trading off equity (Pettinger, 2010). (a) Fig 1 (b) The price at the demand supply equilibrium for entry ticket is $12 and the quantity is 600. (c) If now we consider the price to be $20, then the supply of quantity at the price would be 600 but the quantity demanded would be only 200. Hence, there would be a situation of excess supply of 400 tickets. (a) If people decide to have more children, then due to additional family members they would need a 4WD car for the family, hence demand for 4WD cars in such a case increases, which shifts the demand curve rightward. (b) Fuel being a complementary good for cars, when price of fuel increases by 40%, demand for 4WD cars decreases, as with higher fuel prices people cannot afford to use fuel and hence do not buy cars too. (c) Due to new technological development in producing 4WD cars, the efficiency in producing cars increases, and hence this results in the increase in 4WD car supply in the market. (d) Station wagons being a substitute for 4WD cars, demand for 4WD cars will decrease as the price of station wagons decrease. A production possibility frontier is a concave line showing all possible combinations of two goods given resources and technology is constant (Varian, 2010). The points on the frontier (A and B in Fig 2) represent the combinations of the two goods that can be efficiently produced utilizing the constant resources and technology. The points inside the frontier(C in Fig 2) show that the production point is not efficient as it does not completely utilize the available resources whereas the points outside the frontier (point Din Fig 2) are those points which are not attainable due to unavailability of the required amount of resources (Samuelson et al., 2010). The concave shape of the PPF shows the opportunity cost involved in reallocating resources from one good to another. As we increase the output to be produced of one good then the resources needed to produce the other good falls which shows the opportunity cost attached in increasing units of one good simultaneously losing units of the other (law of diminishing returns) which makes the line concave. If the goods were substitutes then the line would have been a straight line (Sen, 2007). Fig 2 2: Elasticity The cross-price elasticity of demand shows how the quantity demanded of one good change with price change of another good, ceteris paribus (Lipsey et al, 2011). Cross price elasticity= %Change in quantity demanded of good 1/%Change in price of good 2 Income elasticity measures how with a change in income of an individual, quantity demanded of one good changes. Income elasticity is calculated as : Income elasticity= % Change in demand of a good/ % Change in Income A positive value of cross-price elasticity signifies that the goods are substitutes because as price of one good changes the quantity demanded of the other also changes in the same direction (Investopedia). For example if with 10% rise in price of one commodity the quantity demand for the other commodity rises by 20%, then they are substitutes with a positive value of cross price elasticity of 20%/10%= 2. A negative value of cross price elasticity implies that the goods are complement goods in nature as when price of one good change the demand for the other good changes in the opposite direction like with 10% rise in price of one good the demand of the other good falls by 20%, then the cross price elasticity would be -20%/10%= -2. A positive value for income elasticity, imply that the good considered is a normal good since the demand for the good increases with increase in income whereas a negative value means that it is an inferior good as the demand for the good decreases with increase in income. For example if the income of a person increases by 30% and his demand for a good increases by 15%, then the income elasticity would be 15%/30%= =0.5, which is that of a normal good. Examples of normal goods are automobiles, books, necessities, etc. If with rise in income by 30%, the demand would have decreased by 15%, then the income elasticity would have been -15%/30%= -1/2, which is negative implying the good is inferior. Examples of inferior goods would be transportation as with rise in income people would shift from bus rides to better means of transportation, or tinned meat which is a cheap substitute of fresh meat. (a) For a high blood pressure suffering patient blood pressure medicines would be a necessity and so with change in prices, the demand would not change so much and would have low elasticity or can be said more inelastic in nature. But Clairol hair coloring product is not a necessity and shall have high elasticity of demand. (b)A new Ford Fusion would be more of a luxury good with high demand elasticity compared to the tank of petrol needed for the car already purchased which would be more inelastic in nature. (c) A Seiko watch is sufficiently expensive and more of a luxury good with high elasticity of demand compared to general watches whose demand would not change with change in price as much as an expensive watch of Seikos would, implying general watched have lower demand elasticity. For low skilled workers the elasticity of demand is -0.75. The price or the wage is changed by government from P1=$7.25 per hour to P2=$7.75 per hour. The price elasticity of demand mid pint formula is: Ed= [(Q2 Q1)/{(Q2+Q1)/2}] / [(P2-P1)/{(P2+P1)/2}] Here we know Ed= -0.75, P1=7.25 and P2=7.75 We rearrange the formula to get the change in employment which here is represented as (Q2-Q1)/ {(Q1+Q2)/2}. Therefore we have: (Q2-Q1)/{(Q1+Q2)/2} = Ed * [(P2-P1)/{(P2+P1)/2}] = -0.75*[(7.75-7.25)/ {(7.75+7.25)/2}] = -0.75*[0.5/7.5] = - 0.75*0.0666 = - 0.049 ~= -4.9% Hence from this we know that there had been a fall in employment by -4.9%. From the data we get P1 = $35, P2 = $25, with Q1= 40, Q2 =50. The price elasticity of demand mid-point formula is: Ed= [(Q2 Q1)/{(Q2+Q1)/2}] / [(P2-P1)/{(P2+P1)/2}] = [(50-40)/ {(50+40)/2} / [(25-35)/{(25+35)/2}] = (10/45) / (-10/30) = (0.222/-0.333) = -0.666 Therefore: Ed= -0.666. Since here the demand elasticity is less than 1, the quantity demanded is relatively inelastic with change in price. The value shows that with 10% decrease in price, the quantity demanded would increase by 6%, hence the quantity demanded does not rise too significantly. In this case, the producer may not be able to increase his total revenue by decreasing his price a lot but if he decreases his price a little then his quantity will rise though not significantly, hence increasing his revenue. As we see in the data previously at price $35 the producers revenue is 35*40=$1400. After decreasing price his revenue decreases to: $25*50=$1250, because of inelastic demand (Tuck, 2010). (a) The supply of child care places is elastic as with increase in wages, the supply of child care staff would increase as low earnings are considered as a hurdle for the staff to opt for costs of higher studies. (b) Higher prices are required to raise the number of childcare places because, low earnings do not let child care workers opt for higher studies which have high costs. Hence, with a change in price, more qualified child care workers would be available as they would pursue for higher certifications with higher earnings implying the elasticity of child care supply. (c) The use of apprentices, shall attract more child care workers who would work for fixed periods at low wages learning from a skilled person and may help child care workers gain skills till a point but beyond that the constraint of low wages would prevent the workers from attaining higher certifications, hence not solving the problem of the child care shortage and not being able to affect on the supply of qualified child care workers. References: Mankiw, G 2007, Economics: principles and applications, Cengage learning, New Delhi Varian, H, 2010, Intermediate economics, East west press, New Delhi Samuelson, P Nordhaus, W 2010, Economics, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi Sen, A 2007, Microeconomics, Oxford, New Delhi Lipsey, R Chrystal, A 2011, Economics, Oxford, New Delhi Investopedia, Price elasticity of Demand, viewed 20 Aug 2016, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/priceelasticity.asp Pettinger, T, 2010, Efficiency vs Equity, viewed 20 Aug 2016, https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/2473/economics/efficiency-vs-equity/ Boundless.com, Absolute advantage versus Comparative advantage, viewed 20 Aug 2016, https://www.boundless.com/economics/textbooks/boundless-economics-textbook/international-trade-31/introduction-to-international-trade-124/absolute-advantage-versus-comparative-advantage-493-12589/ Tuck, J, 2010, The relationship between price elasticity and total revenue, viewed 20Aug 2016, https://smallbusiness.chron.com/relationship-between-price-elasticity-total-revenue-24544.html

Emotion and Thomas G. Plummer Essay Example

Emotion and Thomas G. Plummer Essay Cheyenne Pruett Ms. Mitchell College Composition October 8, 2013 Ophelia? Thomas G. Plummer, in his essay Diagnosing and Treating the Ophelia Syndrome argues that the system we use for teaching today takes away students ability to think for themselves. Plummer proves his argument with loads of examples of students conforming to others to take the easy way out. In Plummers essay he points out ways to treat this syndrome and stop all ignorant people from ruining the minds of other students. Plummers purpose is to point out the issue that society is molding into uneducated individuals. Plummer writes in a formal tone for his target audience. Plummer appeals to pathos when he adds the quote about people not knowing how to answer simple questions such as How are you? How do you feel? because we are too busy Feeling what we are supposed to feel. He also strikes an emotional cord when he introduces the Treatments. The treatments in and of themselves are appealing to pathos because they all stimulate some kind of emotional response. Treatment 2 is all about trusting yourself. Later on in the discussing the treatments Plummer talks about how every throught he has are his thoughts. He says to follow your intuition. Just be you. Treatment three also has a lot of pathos. It is all about being okay with not knowing. He puts it into deep words when he says surrender the need for absolute truth. Plummer also uses formal diction to get his point across and to also help achieve the objective to make his argument stronger. We will write a custom essay sample on Emotion and Thomas G. Plummer specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Emotion and Thomas G. Plummer specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Emotion and Thomas G. Plummer specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In using words such as pontificates and clamors, he is making it clear who his target audience is. Even Just adding the treatments can be considered formal diction. The treatments are his way of showing/ telling the audience that something can be done to reverse the effects of Ophelia Syndrome. Other formal words such as morality and counterargument can be found throughout the essay. The word choice in the essay helps provide us with a clear example of who should be reading the essay. In using formal diction he is establish his credibility. Plummer also establishes credibility/ appeals to ethos when he talks about psychologist Carl Jung on the first page of his essay. Adding other insight can help the audience show that the author, Plummer in this case, did his research and knows about the topic he is writing about. Another appeal to ethos Plummer makes is on sixth page under treatment 4, when he adds Psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg defines morality as the ability to see as issue from points of view ther than Just your own. Plummer later on goes on to explain a personal experience with treatment 6 which is step out of bounds, when he explains he dutifully carried prepared tests to his class. There was a student Holly who practiced Plumbers treatment when he walked through the door and she looked him because it is a personal experience. Plummer had a number of things he used to get his point across. He used all of his appeals and great diction as well as others to m ake sure his target audience was right on with him. He kept the essay flowing and easy.

Final Essays

Final Essays Final Essay Final Essay Essay Topic: Uncle Toms Children Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: : Final Stereotypes can be defined as popular beliefs of specific characteristics in relation to a specific group or type of individual members and usually it has an assumption that the members of the specific group or the individual members have certain similarities, which are common to all. Stereotype is usually based on assumptions, which do not have any facts; therefore, it can be said it does not have any proof. Stereotype can be either a positive or a negative feeling towards a certain specific social group. Prejudice can be defined as a judgment, which is made prior getting any proof, and it is usually baseless and it has a negative feeling/attitude towards a certain specific group or a type of individual members. It is usually an exaggeration of the characteristics of other members of certain social groups in relation to why they are different from the members of our own specific social group. It has a negative feeling and a discriminative behavior that characterizes it, which is not based on emotions towards a certain specific social group. Lastly, discrimination can be defined as the treatment/behavior of attacking other members of a certain group, which is usually unfair. Discrimination is usually based on the different characteristics portrayed by certain members of a specific social group. It is characterized by its prejudice behavior, which is usually negative. Additionally, discrimination usually involves emotions and actions towards other members of another specific social group based on their specific characteristics, which are different from themselves. The three terms, stereotype, prejudice, and discrimination contain some differences, which can be clearly noted. One of the differences is that stereotypes and prejudice do not express emotions as opposed to discrimination where it expresses emotion and actions towards individual members of other specific social groups. Stereotypes and prejudice only expresses their feelings in form of comments, which distinguishes them from other social groups, but discrimination expresses both the feelings and emotions, which are then transferred into actions against other specific individual members of certain specific groups. For instance, in prejudice and stereotypes, they can say, â€Å"the Mexicans are not very clever.† In discrimination, they can attack them directly by avoiding the members of the social group (Mexicans) or vandalizing their property or other things. This can also be seen clearly in the job market where one can be employed based on the three terms. Another difference, which can be clearly seen in the three terms, is that discrimination and prejudice are only negative towards other members of different social groups but stereotypes can be either positive or negative. For example, in prejudice and discrimination we can say that â€Å"the black people are very people† but in stereotype we can ether say that â€Å"the black people are very hardworking† or â€Å"the black folk are very poor.† The positive side is that the black people are hardworking. This shows that the positive attributes of the black people as compared to the others where they have only shown the negative side of the black people, which is they are poor and it is not always right. Lastly, they can be differentiated from each other from the effects, which they have on the other members of the other specific social groups. Discrimination and prejudice can cause a person to have low self-esteem in relation to the comments and actions made against them. These effects can lead to somebody having rigorous changes in behavior so that he/she can be accepted in a certain social group or he can be rebellious and attack back against the comment. In the case of stereotype, the case is not the same since it is not always negative. When it is positive, a person’s self-esteem can be raised and the person can be encourage to do more than his expectations. However, we can conclude that the three work hand in hand with one another. They both affect one another and one form can lead to the happening of the other. For example, when hiring people to lift boxes and heavy equipment in accompany the human resource manager might be stereotype and say, it is not good to hire the men who are not well built. This will lead to the decision of not hiring them, which is being prejudice and finally they will tend to avoid them in the performance of an interview, which is discrimination. Prejudice can influence can influence the social behavior of an individual in different ways. These different social behaviors can be shown in form of an example. For example, in the in the professional job market especially in the marketing division where a accompany wants to higher women to market their products. The human resource manager does not hire those women who are fat because they will not give the company a good image or they will not be able to attract customers. One of the women, who are fat, decides to go back home and start performing several exercises so that she could reduce and become beautiful. It can be concluded that due to the prejudice by the human resource manager by not employing fat women he has affected the social behavior of the women. The woman has started to exercise and yet she did not use to exercise before therefore, her social behavior has been affected A When I am in school, I always tend to avoid joining sports clubs because I might humiliate myself in the different games despite the fact that I might be very good in them. I did not want to enroll in any sporting activity where I would be performing in front of people. On the other hand, I have always been in the forefront in making jokes to those who humiliate themselves. Only when I was sure that I am good in something that was the only time I could join any club. I have concluded that, it is the fear of humiliation that has led me not to join the sporting activities. This fear that I have been having against joining these clubs have led to me not joining this certain clubs and yet I might be very talented in one of them like cheer leading or swimming. Therefore, it has made it difficult for me to tap my other potential talents, which I might be having.

Retailer Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Retailer - Assignment Example In this case, shelf displays remain an important resource especially in the retail environment. Products in the supermarket were assorted depending on the order of the purchasing patterns (Krull, Kathleen & Greenberg 58). In simple terms, the consumer behavior determines the product assortment in the supermarket. On the other hand, departmental stores focused on specific products. Product assortment in the departmental stores simultaneously required large spaces to accommodate most products. During my visit, each departmental store specialized in certain product types whereas the products were assorted depending on their prices and quality. While the supermarket preferred the self-service aspect, departmental stores used the assorted service model. In the supermarket, the customers perform nearly all of the services especially with retail purchasing (Krull, Kathleen & Greenberg 76). This involves self-selection and self-checkouts. On the other hand, the assorted service offered by the department store meant that the retailer offers some service level to the customers (Belisle 35). In this case, the service includes product selection assistance, handling the point-of-purchase transaction and offering delivery. Responses to sales personnel in both stores were quite different. While sales personnel in supermarkets do not easily engage the customers, sales staffs in department stores offer some service level to the customers. In fact, they engage with customers by assisting them in production selection, offering delivery and handling the point-of-purchase transaction(Belisle 35). Their responses to customers are always positive as compared to sales personnel in supermarkets. From the experience, it was evident that department stores were much bigger than the supermarkets. Additionally, the store atmospherics was more sophisticated, unlike the supermarkets. In this case, there was the difference in terms of